What Is Depression? Understanding the Signs, Causes, and Modern Treatment Options
- Chanel Freeman
- Dec 7, 2025
- 2 min read
Depression is one of the most common mental health conditions in the world, affecting millions of people each year. Yet for many, it remains misunderstood or minimized. Depression is not simply sadness, stress, or a bad day. It is a medical condition that can impact how you think, feel, sleep, eat, and function in daily life.
Whether you're exploring symptoms for yourself or supporting someone else, understanding what depression really is—and how to treat it—is the first step toward healing.
What Is Depression?
Depression (Major Depressive Disorder) is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. It affects both emotional and physical health and can interfere with work, relationships, and daily responsibilities.
Common Symptoms of Depression
People experience depression differently, but the most frequent symptoms include:
Persistent sadness or emptiness
Loss of interest in hobbies or activities
Low energy or fatigue
Sleep changes (insomnia or sleeping too much)
Increased or decreased appetite
Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
Trouble concentrating
Irritability or restlessness
Physical symptoms (headaches, stomach pain, slowed movement)
Thoughts of self-harm or suicide
If these symptoms persist for two weeks or more, it may indicate clinical depression.
What Causes Depression?
Depression can arise from a combination of factors, including:
Genetics
Stressful life events
Trauma
Chronic medical conditions
Hormonal changes
Chemical imbalances in the brain
Certain medications
Social isolation
It’s rarely caused by just one thing.
How Depression Is Treated
The good news: depression is highly treatable. Most people improve with a combination of approaches.
Evidence-based therapies such as CBT, DBT, trauma-informed therapy, and supportive therapy help individuals reframe thoughts, build coping skills, and work through underlying issues.
Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, atypical antidepressants, etc.) can correct chemical imbalances and improve mood and energy.
3. Lifestyle Interventions
Regular exercise
Balanced nutrition
Adequate sleep
Stress reduction practices
These changes support both mental and metabolic health.
4. Support System
Healthy relationships, support groups, and open conversations can make a significant difference.
When to Seek Help
If you are experiencing symptoms of depression, reaching out is a strong first step. Support is available.
Chanel Freeman, NP in Psychiatry PLLC provides compassionate, evidence-based mental health care for individuals ages 16 and older across New York and Florida.
Whether you need therapy, medication management, or a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, we are here to help you regain balance and emotional well-being.
📞 716-201-0180
You deserve support, healing, and a path forward. Reach out today to begin your journey toward better mental health.
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